نوع مقاله : پژوهشی
نویسنده
استادیار پژوهشکده زن و خانواده
چکیده
جنسیت در دو بعد عملی و مفهومی ماهیتی دگرگون‌شونده و متغیر دارد. در طول زمان و به تبع تحول شرایط مادی زیست و قراردادهای اجتماعی، هم اعمالی که دارای جنبه جنسیتی هستند تغییر می‌کنند و هم تصور افراد جوامع درباره دسته‌بندی‌ها و مناسبات جنسیتی دستخوش تحول می‌شود. یکی از عواملی که بر این تحولات اثرگذار بوده و خود نیز از آنها متاثر می‌شود، فناوری است. در قرون اخیر فناوری عامل پیشتاز در تحولات زیست بشر بوده، و جنسیت نیز از عرصه این تحولات برکنار نمانده است. نقش فناوری در تحولات جنسیتی از جمله موضوعاتی است که در محدوده مشترک مطالعات فناوری و مطالعات جنسیت مورد واکاوی و پژوهش قرار گرفته‌است. مقاله حاضر با استفاده از نظریه «وساطت فناوری» فربیک که رویکردی پساپدیدارشناسانه نسبت به فناوری دارد، و نظریه «پارادایم‌های خوشه‌ای زنانگی» استولجار درباره مؤلفه‌های جنسیت، چارچوبی نظری برای تحلیل نقش فناوری در تحول ابعاد مفهومی و عملی جنسیت ارائه می‌دهد. در این چهارچوب انواع حالات وساطت فناوری در ابعاد مختلف جنسیت از جمله بدن زیستی، تجربه زیسته پدیداری، نقش‌های اجتماعی و خود-انگاره مورد تحلیل قرار می‌گیرد. همچنین برای تکمیل انواع وساطت فناوری، سه مورد «مداخله‌گری در بدن»، «امکان‌آفرینی» و «نقش‌نمایی» به حالات برشمرده شده توسط فربیک افزوده و مصادیق آنها در تحول امر جنسیتی بررسی می‌شود.
کلیدواژه‌ها
عنوان مقاله [English]
Conceptual and Practical Transformation of Gender through Mediation of Technology
نویسنده [English]
- Zahra Zargar
Assistant Professor in Women and Family Research Institute
چکیده [English]
“Gender” has a transformative nature in both its conceptual and practical aspects. As a result of changes in the material conditions of human life and social contracts, gender issues vary over time and across cultures and societies. In recent centuries, “technology” has been one of the major sources of change in human life, that mutually has affected gender issues and is affected by them. Exploring the mutual relation between technology and gender is a field of research that places in the overlap area of Technology Studies and Gender Studies. This paper focuses on the technology’s impact on the transformation of gender in both its conceptual and practical aspects. To this end, Verbeek’s post-phenomenological theory of “Mediation of Technology” from Philosophy of Technology, and Stoljar’s “Cluster Paradigms of Womanhood” from Metaphysics of Gender are appealed. It is suggested that using these theories provides a comprehensive and subtle theoretical framework for analyzing and exploring varieties of technology’s mediation in gender transformation.
کلیدواژه‌ها [English]
- Gender and Technology
- Metaphysics of Gender
- Philosophy of Technology
- Post-phenomenology
- Verbeek
- Stoljar
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