نوع مقاله : مروری
نویسنده
دانشجوی دکتری فلسفه فیزیک، دانشگاه باقرالعلوم علیه السلام، قم، ایران.
چکیده
همان طور که مشهور است، نظریه نسبیت خاص بر دو اصل‌موضوع استوار است: (1) اصل «نسبیت»؛ (2) اصل «ثابت و یکسان بودن سرعت نور در همه دستگاه‌های لخت در خلأ». در این نظریه، اصل دوم، نه اصلی بدیهی است و نه نتیجة منطقیِ سایر اصول‌موضوعه است. بنابراین جهت ارزیابی اعتبار این اصل، آزمون تجربی آن ضروری خواهد بود. در این نوشتار، روشن می‌شود که با فرض پذیرش نظر رایج مبنی بر قراردادی بودنِ روش همزمان‌سازی ساعت‌ها، تأیید تجربیِ اصل‌موضوع دوم، ممکن نیست. با این وجود، نشان داده می‌شود که با تدارک آزمایشاتی جهت بررسیِ «استقلال سرعت نور از سرعت منبعش»، امکان نقض اصل‌موضوع دوم وجود دارد. شرایط قطعی بودن این آزمون‌ها نیز بیان می‌شود.
کلیدواژه‌ها
عنوان مقاله [English]
On the testability of the second postulate of special theory of relativity
نویسنده [English]
- Sayyed Saied Mirahmadi
PhD student, philosophy of physics, Baqir al-Olum University, Qom, Iran (I. R.).
چکیده [English]
As is well known, special theory of relativity rests on two postulates: (1) the postulate of “relativity”; (2) the postulate of “the constancy of the speed of light in vacuum in all inertial frames”. In this theory, the second postulate is neither an obvious principle nor a logical consequence of other obvious principles. Therefore, in order to evaluate the validity of this postulate, its experimental verification is necessary. In this paper, it becomes clear that by accepting the common thesis of the conventionality of distant clocks synchronization, the experimental verification of the second postulate is not possible. However, it is shown that by conducting experiments to examine “the independence of the speed of light from the speed of its source”, the experimental refutation of the second postulate is possible. It is explained that under what conditions these experiments are crucial.
کلیدواژه‌ها [English]
- Special theory of relativity
- Second postulate
- Testability
- Conventionality of synchronization
- Verification
- Refutation
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