Mohamad Amin Shafikhani; Hossein Motallebi Korbekandi
Abstract
“Metaverse” is a technological phenomenon that has attracted the special attention of the public and the elite. This new phenomenon, which is based on several new emerging technologies in the fields of information and communication, and which is more near to idea than implementation, has ...
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“Metaverse” is a technological phenomenon that has attracted the special attention of the public and the elite. This new phenomenon, which is based on several new emerging technologies in the fields of information and communication, and which is more near to idea than implementation, has brought several questions about; from questions about the nature of this phenomenon to questions about its various functions and effects. In answer to the question about the nature of metaverse various answers have been given, most of which are technical ones. In this article, we tend to deepen the answer to the question about the nature of metaverse, using the philosophical concept of “Lifeworld” and phenomenological analysis of Edmund Husserl, the eminent German philosopher and with the help of a philosophical approach to this strategic question, we have tried to provide an understanding of the nature of metaverse, not achieved by common technical answers alone. In this, after a technical explanation about the metaverse and a review of its phenomenology literature, we explain our theoretical innovation, and by introducing the metaverse as an "Artificial Lifeworld", explain its contrast with the "Traditional-Natural Lifeworld". at the end, we point out the results of this phenomenological approach to the metaverse and its effect on metaverse policy.
Khadijeh Ghorbani Sisakht; Mohammad hasan Karimi
Abstract
Overshadowed by the leading and well-known theories in the history of philosophy, some of the ideas of philosophers have always been neglected or less considered. The passage of time and the emergence of modern issues reveal new dimensions of such thoughts. Thinkers of this movement claim that transhumanism ...
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Overshadowed by the leading and well-known theories in the history of philosophy, some of the ideas of philosophers have always been neglected or less considered. The passage of time and the emergence of modern issues reveal new dimensions of such thoughts. Thinkers of this movement claim that transhumanism holds deep historical-philosophical roots, and above all, they seek historical aspects of transhumanism in the era of modernism and modern philosophy. In this paper, we examine the evolution of transhumanism in the history of philosophy from the seventeenth to the twentieth century. Our results show that there have been many thinkers in the history of philosophy who have firmly believed in the advancement of man through technology, and have combined it with their philosophical ideas. They believed that many aspects of human nature, biology, and culture could be changed, strengthened, or eventually overcome using technology and human ingenuity. Although the capability of science and technology of the time was not such as to allow them to experiment most of their transhumanistic ambitions, put forwarding these ambitions made a historical-philosophical evolutionary trend that transhumanists use today to justify their ideas.
Alireza Monajemi; mostafa shabani
Abstract
Inquiring into the relationship between technology and medicalization, particularly in the fourth wave of medicalization known as Healthism, is of utmost importance. Compared to the other waves of medicalisation, in Healthism, which is predominant and progressive today , biomedical research plays a critical ...
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Inquiring into the relationship between technology and medicalization, particularly in the fourth wave of medicalization known as Healthism, is of utmost importance. Compared to the other waves of medicalisation, in Healthism, which is predominant and progressive today , biomedical research plays a critical role, technology is interwoven with it, and the "disease" that was at the center of the previous three waves is absent hereThese factors mean that all classical theories of medicalisation, such as Peter Conrad's, fail to understand and determine the fundamental role of technologies in healthism. This is because Conrad's account of medicalisation is disease-centric, based on the dualism between humans and technology, and focuses only on macro social, political, and economic processes that make medicalisation possible.This paper argues for the idea that the link between the philosophies of technology and medicine can provide approaches to understanding and analyzing the fourth wave of medicalization.In this paper, Healthism - is examined from a postphenomenological view of the philosophy of technology and based on the case study of self-tracking applications, focusing on technological intentionality and hermeneutic relations. it is argued that Conrad's sociological view is insufficient to determine the role of technologies in the medicalisation procesess and to understand the new wave of medicalsation.It will be shown that postphenomenology can be used to provide new insight into medicalisation and discuss the aspects of medicalisation that have often been disregarded, as post-phenomenology can explicate medicalisation on the level of individual experience from the perspective of the relationship between humans and reality, while also examining the mediating role of technologies in these relationships.
Alireza Mirzaie; Mohammad Ghaderi Zamharir; Yasaman Ghasemi
Abstract
The corona virus is spreading rapidly in the world and people are trying to protect themselves against this virus with all their power. As in the past years, people have considered technology as a solution to get out of this situation and have embraced it. Various screening, prevention and treatment ...
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The corona virus is spreading rapidly in the world and people are trying to protect themselves against this virus with all their power. As in the past years, people have considered technology as a solution to get out of this situation and have embraced it. Various screening, prevention and treatment methods have been developed using technology. Using of digital thermometers, various masks, complete protective clothing such as overalls and ventilators are among the various uses of technology in this regard. The dehumanization of technology is a feature that has been written about and paid attention to in the past. In this article, an attempt has been made to discuss the humanization of technology through the lens of philosophers such as Latour, Feinberg, and Heidegger, and whether it is possible to replace humanizing technologies with dehumanizing technologies in order to improve the doctor-patient relationship in this situation.
ahmad rahmanian
Abstract
The theory of technological embodiment is the first contribution of philosophy to technology. In order to elucidate how the theory evolved historically, this paper first offers a theoretical framework with respect to the stages, approaches, and components of the theory. Next, different accounts of the ...
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The theory of technological embodiment is the first contribution of philosophy to technology. In order to elucidate how the theory evolved historically, this paper first offers a theoretical framework with respect to the stages, approaches, and components of the theory. Next, different accounts of the theory are reconstructed according to the proposed theoretical framework. And finally, based on a comparative study of the accounts, the paper draws new conclusions concerning how the theory evolved historically, suggesting a divergence among contemporary accounts in terms of the (1) components, (2) direction, and (3) basis or cause of the human-artifact relation; this divergence seems to be the effect of a different interpretation on human, not on technology, offered by phenomenology when compared to that of the earlier philosophies.
Mahdi Kafaee; Elahe Daviran; Mostafa Taqavi
Abstract
Society is the origin of technology and its development. On the other hand, technology has special social effects. Generally, the relationship between society and technology is mutual. Awareness of this relationship is necessary for engineering design. Nonetheless, due attention is not paid to this issue ...
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Society is the origin of technology and its development. On the other hand, technology has special social effects. Generally, the relationship between society and technology is mutual. Awareness of this relationship is necessary for engineering design. Nonetheless, due attention is not paid to this issue in textbooks and teaching procedures. In this paper, the mutual relationship between society and technology is concretely delineated with the typewriter's historical case study. Sometimes one agent (society or technology) affects another, changes it and then gets affected itself by the resulting change. Also, the effects are not limited to change and an agent can prevent changes in another. In addition, it is observed that in the co-constructing path of agents, rationality is not the only criterion for technological development and is not justifying the phenomena. For example, optimization of technology can be stopped or deviated by society or social agents.
Ali Paya; alireza mansouri
Volume 8, Issue 16 , March 2019, , Pages 131-158
Abstract
There is a significant conceptual difference between science and technology. Epistemologically, the so-called 'applied science' is a redundant concept; it can be included under the category of technology. In this paper we discuss, from a philosophical point of view, some of the reasons for the conflation ...
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There is a significant conceptual difference between science and technology. Epistemologically, the so-called 'applied science' is a redundant concept; it can be included under the category of technology. In this paper we discuss, from a philosophical point of view, some of the reasons for the conflation of science and technology. We shall further argue that such a conflation is not only an epistemological mistake, it also has many undesirable conceptual and practical consequences which impact on epistemological investigations as well as policy making in the fields of science and technology.There is a significant conceptual difference between science and technology. Epistemologically, the so-called 'applied science' is a redundant concept; it can be included under the category of technology. In this paper we discuss, from a philosophical point of view, some of the reasons for the conflation of science and technology. We shall further argue that such a conflation is not only an epistemological mistake, it also has many undesirable conceptual and practical consequences which impact on epistemological investigations as well as policy making in the fields of science and technology
Alireza Monajemi; Hamidreza Ayatollahy; Mehdi Moinzadeh
Volume 3, Issue 6 , February 2014, , Pages 99-118
Abstract
Medicalization is a term for the process by which medical definitions and practices are applied to behaviors, psychological phenomena, and somatic experiences which previously were not within the conceptual or therapeutic scope of medicine. There have been two distinct main approaches to medicalization. ...
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Medicalization is a term for the process by which medical definitions and practices are applied to behaviors, psychological phenomena, and somatic experiences which previously were not within the conceptual or therapeutic scope of medicine. There have been two distinct main approaches to medicalization. The first was a Marxist critique of medicine as authoritarian and imperialistic, while the second was a critique of the expanding role of medicine in the social control of deviant behavior. This article contends that none of these approached could explain medicalization comprehensively. The main thesis of this paper is that medicalization as a technology could be an alternative. In this paper, this thesis will be examined in the light of Heidegger’s, Bergmann’s and Feinberg’s philosophy of technology.
Seyyed Mohammad Reza Amiri
Volume 1, Issue 2 , February 2012, , Pages 65-95
Abstract
At the beginning, mentions will be made to definitions and analyses posed by philosophers of technology such as Martin Heidegger, Mario Jung, and Stephen Kline of the concept of technology; then, the author will describe how such definitions may be applied to the concept of ecommerce. After it, through ...
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At the beginning, mentions will be made to definitions and analyses posed by philosophers of technology such as Martin Heidegger, Mario Jung, and Stephen Kline of the concept of technology; then, the author will describe how such definitions may be applied to the concept of ecommerce. After it, through analysis of ideas posed by Martin Heidegger, Karl Marx, Jacques Ellul, Donald Mackenzie, Hans Jonas, and Andrew Feenberg which are discussed in the philosophy of technology concerning requirements of technological civilization, limitations imposed by ecommerce on individuals and society will be discussed. Such requirements will evidently cause the issue of relation between morality and technology to emerge. In the present writing, the issue of morality and technology will be studied from three respects: determination of objectives, ways and means to attain objectives, and effects of technology. Then, virtual and meta-reality of postmodern technology will be discussed; and from this perspective, effects and consequences of ecommerce for the identities of individuals and traditions of the society will be analyzed.
