Humanization of Medical technology : the face revealed in the covid-19 pandemic

Mirzaie, Alireza; Ghaderi Zamharir, Mohammad; Ghasemi, Yasaman

doi:10.30465/ps.2023.43561.1638

Document Type : .

Authors

¹ graduate of professional medical doctorate course Shahed University, Tehran, Iran

² Doctoral student of Artesh University, Tehran, Iran

³ Bachelor's degree in operating room, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran

https://doi.org/10.30465/ps.2023.43561.1638

Abstract

The corona virus is spreading rapidly in the world and people are trying to protect themselves against this virus with all their power. As in the past years, people have considered technology as a solution to get out of this situation and have embraced it. Various screening, prevention and treatment methods have been developed using technology. Using of digital thermometers, various masks, complete protective clothing such as overalls and ventilators are among the various uses of technology in this regard. The dehumanization of technology is a feature that has been written about and paid attention to in the past. In this article, an attempt has been made to discuss the humanization of technology through the lens of philosophers such as Latour, Feinberg, and Heidegger, and whether it is possible to replace humanizing technologies with dehumanizing technologies in order to improve the doctor-patient relationship in this situation.

Keywords

References

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Scott, J. G., Scott, R. G., Miller, W. L., Stange, K. C., & Crabtree, B. F. (2009). Healing relationships and the existential philosophy of Martin Buber. Philosophy, Ethics, and Humanities in Medicine, 4(1), 1-9.

Sonis, J. D., Kennedy, M., Aaronson, E. L., Baugh, J. J., Raja, A. S., Yun, B. J., & White, B. A. (2020). Humanism in the age of COVID-19: renewing focus on communication and compassion. Western Journal of Emergency Medicine, 21(3), 499.

Thomson, I. D. (2011). Heidegger, art, and postmodernity. Cambridge University Press.

Philosophy of Science

Humanization of Medical technology : the face revealed in the covid-19 pandemic

References

References

ابطحی تقی، اشرفی فرزانه، ایدنی اسماعیل و سایرین.1399. فلوچارت تشخیص و درمان کووید 19. نسخه هفتم

https://learn.irimc.org/article/flowchart-treatment-covid19-7th-gen

نهاد ریاست جمهوری جمهوری اسلامی ایران.1399. مجموعه مصوبات ستاد ملی مبارزه با کرونا. 3 خرداد: بند ششم

Czypionka, T., Greenhalgh, T., Bassler, D., & Bryant, M. B. (2021). Masks and face coverings for the lay public: a narrative update. Annals of internal medicine, 174(4), 511-520.

Dusek, V. (2006). Philosophy of technology: An introduction (Vol. 90). Oxford: Blackwell.

Evans, H. M. (2007). Medical humanities: stranger at the gate, or long-lost friend?. Medicine, Health Care and Philosophy, 10, 363-372.

Feenberg, A. (1999). Questioning Technology. New York: Routledge. (11,220)

Garfin, D. R. (2020). Technology as a coping tool during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) pandemic: Implications and recommendations. Stress and Health, 36(4), 555.

Ghosh, A., Sharma, K., & Choudhury, S. (2021). COVID-19 and physician–patient relationship: potential effects of ‘masking’,‘distancing’and ‘others’. Family practice, 38(2), 192-193.

Gronholm, P. C., Nosé, M., Van Brakel, W. H., Eaton, J., Ebenso, B., Fiekert, K., ... & Thornicroft, G. (2021). Reducing stigma and discrimination associated with COVID-19: early stage pandemic rapid review and practical recommendations. Epidemiology and psychiatric sciences, 30, e15.

Haslam, N. (2006). Dehumanization: An integrative review. Personality and social psychology review, 10(3), 252-264.

Hazrati, H., Bigdeli, S., Gavgani, V. Z., Soltani Arabshahi, S. K., Behshid, M., & Sohrabi, Z. (2020). Humanism in clinical education: a mixed methods study on the experiences of clinical instructors in Iran. Philosophy, Ethics, and Humanities in Medicine, 15(1), 1-10.

Herkenham, M., & Kigar, S. L. (2017). Contributions of the adaptive immune system to mood regulation: mechanisms and pathways of neuroimmune interactions. Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry, 79, 49-57.

) Jennett, B. (1994). Medical technology, social and health care issues. Principles of health care ethics. New York: John Wiley & Sons, 872.

Johna, S., & Rahman, S. (2011). Humanity before science: narrative medicine, clinical practice, and medical education. The Permanente Journal, 15(4), 92.

Latour, B. (1999). Pandora’s hope: Essays on the reality of science studies. Harvard university press.

Marcum, J. A. (2008). An introductory philosophy of medicine: Humanizing modern medicine (Vol. 99). Springer Science & Business Media.

Marques, I. R., & Souza, A. R. D. (2010). Technology and humanization in critical care environments. Revista brasileira de enfermagem, 63, 141-144.

Mitcham, C., & Waelbers, K. (2009). Technology and ethics: Overview.

Monajemi, A., & Namazi, H. (2020). Health lag: medical philosophy reflects on COVID-19 pandemic. Journal of medical ethics and history of medicine, 13.

Pellegrino, E. D. (1981). Being ill and being healed: some reflections on the grounding of medical morality. Bulletin of the New York Academy of Medicine, 57(1), 70.

Riordan, M. A. (2017). The communicative role of non-face emojis: Affect and disambiguation. Computers in Human Behavior, 76, 75-86.

Scott, J. G., Scott, R. G., Miller, W. L., Stange, K. C., & Crabtree, B. F. (2009). Healing relationships and the existential philosophy of Martin Buber. Philosophy, Ethics, and Humanities in Medicine, 4(1), 1-9.

Sonis, J. D., Kennedy, M., Aaronson, E. L., Baugh, J. J., Raja, A. S., Yun, B. J., & White, B. A. (2020). Humanism in the age of COVID-19: renewing focus on communication and compassion. Western Journal of Emergency Medicine, 21(3), 499.

Thomson, I. D. (2011). Heidegger, art, and postmodernity. Cambridge University Press.

Volume 12, Issue 2 - Serial Number 2
February 2023
Pages 261-277

Humanization of Medical technology : the face revealed in the covid-19 pandemic

References

References

ابطحی تقی، اشرفی فرزانه، ایدنی اسماعیل و سایرین.1399. فلوچارت تشخیص و درمان کووید 19. نسخه هفتم

https://learn.irimc.org/article/flowchart-treatment-covid19-7th-gen

نهاد ریاست جمهوری جمهوری اسلامی ایران.1399. مجموعه مصوبات ستاد ملی مبارزه با کرونا. 3 خرداد: بند ششم

Czypionka, T., Greenhalgh, T., Bassler, D., & Bryant, M. B. (2021). Masks and face coverings for the lay public: a narrative update. Annals of internal medicine, 174(4), 511-520.

Dusek, V. (2006). Philosophy of technology: An introduction (Vol. 90). Oxford: Blackwell.

Evans, H. M. (2007). Medical humanities: stranger at the gate, or long-lost friend?. Medicine, Health Care and Philosophy, 10, 363-372.

Feenberg, A. (1999). Questioning Technology. New York: Routledge. (11,220)

Garfin, D. R. (2020). Technology as a coping tool during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) pandemic: Implications and recommendations. Stress and Health, 36(4), 555.

Ghosh, A., Sharma, K., & Choudhury, S. (2021). COVID-19 and physician–patient relationship: potential effects of ‘masking’,‘distancing’and ‘others’. Family practice, 38(2), 192-193.

Gronholm, P. C., Nosé, M., Van Brakel, W. H., Eaton, J., Ebenso, B., Fiekert, K., ... & Thornicroft, G. (2021). Reducing stigma and discrimination associated with COVID-19: early stage pandemic rapid review and practical recommendations. Epidemiology and psychiatric sciences, 30, e15.

Haslam, N. (2006). Dehumanization: An integrative review. Personality and social psychology review, 10(3), 252-264.

Hazrati, H., Bigdeli, S., Gavgani, V. Z., Soltani Arabshahi, S. K., Behshid, M., & Sohrabi, Z. (2020). Humanism in clinical education: a mixed methods study on the experiences of clinical instructors in Iran. Philosophy, Ethics, and Humanities in Medicine, 15(1), 1-10.

Herkenham, M., & Kigar, S. L. (2017). Contributions of the adaptive immune system to mood regulation: mechanisms and pathways of neuroimmune interactions. Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry, 79, 49-57.

) Jennett, B. (1994). Medical technology, social and health care issues. Principles of health care ethics. New York: John Wiley & Sons, 872.

Johna, S., & Rahman, S. (2011). Humanity before science: narrative medicine, clinical practice, and medical education. The Permanente Journal, 15(4), 92.

Latour, B. (1999). Pandora’s hope: Essays on the reality of science studies. Harvard university press.

Marcum, J. A. (2008). An introductory philosophy of medicine: Humanizing modern medicine (Vol. 99). Springer Science & Business Media.

Marques, I. R., & Souza, A. R. D. (2010). Technology and humanization in critical care environments. Revista brasileira de enfermagem, 63, 141-144.

Mitcham, C., & Waelbers, K. (2009). Technology and ethics: Overview.

Monajemi, A., & Namazi, H. (2020). Health lag: medical philosophy reflects on COVID-19 pandemic. Journal of medical ethics and history of medicine, 13.

Pellegrino, E. D. (1981). Being ill and being healed: some reflections on the grounding of medical morality. Bulletin of the New York Academy of Medicine, 57(1), 70.

Riordan, M. A. (2017). The communicative role of non-face emojis: Affect and disambiguation. Computers in Human Behavior, 76, 75-86.

Scott, J. G., Scott, R. G., Miller, W. L., Stange, K. C., & Crabtree, B. F. (2009). Healing relationships and the existential philosophy of Martin Buber. Philosophy, Ethics, and Humanities in Medicine, 4(1), 1-9.

Sonis, J. D., Kennedy, M., Aaronson, E. L., Baugh, J. J., Raja, A. S., Yun, B. J., & White, B. A. (2020). Humanism in the age of COVID-19: renewing focus on communication and compassion. Western Journal of Emergency Medicine, 21(3), 499.

Thomson, I. D. (2011). Heidegger, art, and postmodernity. Cambridge University Press.

Volume 12, Issue 2 - Serial Number 2February 2023Pages 261-277

Volume 12, Issue 2 - Serial Number 2
February 2023
Pages 261-277