نوع مقاله : پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار، دانشکده مهندسی برق و رباتیک، دانشگاه شاهرود، شاهرود، ایران

2 ایران، شاهرود، دانشگاه صنعتی شاهرود، دانشکده برق، گروه آموزشی مهندسی پزشکی

3 استادیار، دانشکده فلسفه و علم، دانشگاه صنعتی شریف، تهران، ایران

چکیده

جامعه خاستگاه فناوری و توسعه آن است. از سوی دیگر فناوری نیز به نوبه خود آثار اجتماعی مخصوص به خود را دارد. در حالت کلی، رابطه جامعه و فناوری دوسویه است. آگاهی از این رابطه دوسویه برای طراحی مهندسی لازم است ولی توجه لازم نسبت به این امر در متون درسی و روال های آموزشی چندان مشاهده نمی شود. در این مقاله با موردکاوی تاریخی ماشین‌تحریر، رابطه دوسویه جامعه و فناوری به صورت انضمامی ترسیم شده است. گاه یک عامل (جامعه یا فناوری) در عامل دیگر تأثیر می گذارد و آن را تغییر می دهد و سپس خود از تغییر ایجاد شده متأثر می گردد. همچنین تأثیرات، منحصر به ایجاد تغییر نیستند و یک عامل می تواند از بروز تغییرات در عامل دیگر جلوگیری به عمل آورد. بعلاوه مشاهده می شود در مسیر هم‌ساختگی عامل ها، عقلانیت تنها معیار توسعه فناوری و توجیه کننده پدیده ها نیست. به طور مثال، گاه تکنولوژی در مسیر بهینه شدن قرار می گیرد، اما عوامل اجتماعی باعث توقف یا تغییر مسیر آن می‌شوند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Mutual Shaping of Society and Technology; Historical Typewriter Case Study

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mahdi Kafaee 1
  • Elahe Daviran 2
  • Mostafa Taqavi 3

1 Assistant Professor, Faculty of Electrical and Robotics Engineering, Shahroud University, Shahrood, Iran

2 Department of Medical Engineering, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, shahrood university of technology. Shahrood. Iran

3 Assistant Professor, Faculty of Philosophy and science, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran

چکیده [English]

Society is the origin of technology and its development. On the other hand, technology has special social effects. Generally, the relationship between society and technology is mutual. Awareness of this relationship is necessary for engineering design. Nonetheless, due attention is not paid to this issue in textbooks and teaching procedures. In this paper, the mutual relationship between society and technology is concretely delineated with the typewriter's historical case study. Sometimes one agent (society or technology) affects another, changes it and then gets affected itself by the resulting change. Also, the effects are not limited to change and an agent can prevent changes in another. In addition, it is observed that in the co-constructing path of agents, rationality is not the only criterion for technological development and is not justifying the phenomena. For example, optimization of technology can be stopped or deviated by society or social agents.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Typewriter
  • Technology
  • Society
  • Shaping
  • Co-construction
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