Philosophy of Science

Psychological causes of public opposition to genetically modified crops despite relative agreement among scientists that GMOs are safe

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

nasrollah keshavarz
hadi samadi

Department of Philosophy of Science, Faculty of Law, Theology and Political Science, Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Tehran, Iran

10.30465/ps.2025.51927.1785
Abstract
Abstract:
This article explores the gap between the scientific understanding of genetically modified organisms (GMOs) and their public acceptance. Despite assurances from scientists and credible research centers about the safety of GMOs, many people remain reluctant to consume these products. The article delves into the disconnect between scientific findings and public perceptions. It discusses the established consensus on GMO safety and the lack of experimental evidence proving any harm to human health or the environment, while also examining societal views on GMOs across different demographics, including gender, education, age, ideology, and political beliefs. One potential explanation for this divide is a general distrust of science. However, public opinions shift significantly when discussions involve different scientific topics. Given cognitive biases like confirmation bias, distrust alone doesn't fully explain public hesitation. The article aims to provide insight by discussing the role of "fast thinking" versus "slow thinking" in decision-making processes and examines how intuitive understanding often takes precedence over scientific understanding, highlighting the concept of bounded rationality.

Keywords

Genetically modified products
GMO
scientific consensus
cognitive bias
intuitive understanding
scientific understanding
Philosophy of Science
Volume 14, Issue 2
February 2025

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